Abstract
The effect of discrete imperfections on the behavior of active transmission lines (i.e., lines with distributed gain) is considered. Two cases are studied: 1. Lines with identical, equally spaced reflectors. The transmission and reflection gains versus frequency are studied as functions of the magnitude of the reflectors. Limits on the magnitude of the reflectors to guarantee stability are investigated. 2. Lines with random reflectors, having random position and/or magnitude. The statistics of the transmission are studied; in particular, the average value and the variance and covariance of the transmission are determined for small reflections. If the reflections become large enough, instability may occur, and these calculations may become invalid. Stability of active distributed systems is studied in a companion paper.1
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