Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to present an analysis of the social and environmental impacts generated by residential tourism in three destinations in northwestern Mexico. In the theoretical framework a critical review of this tourism modality is presented, as well as its main statements. To achieve the objective, non-participant observation was made, and official sources of the federal government were consulted. The results show that residential tourism in this region generates important negative social, cultural, political and environmental effects, such as social polarization, hoarding of natural resources, privatization of public spaces and degradation of the ecosystem. The study allowed to identify these effects and compare them between the three destinations.
 Keywords: Residential Tourism. Social and Cultural Impacts. Political Impacts. Environmental Impacts. Mexico.
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 Environmental: In many cases these tourists demand spaces near the coast and places where biodiversity is very fragile.
 In this paper the objectives were to analyze some impacts of residential tourism from United States in three coastal destinations in northwest Mexico: Mazatlan, Sinaloa; Puerto Penasco, Sonora and Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur. Using a non-participant observation methodology we describe the social and environmental impacts in the region. Using a quantitative methodology (survey) and relying on data provided by the National Migration Institute in each of the three entities, we also describe the demographic composition of these residential tourists.
Highlights
For Huete (2008) the term "Residential Tourism" was incorporated into the academic debate by Francisco Jurdao in his 1979 book “España en venta: compra de suelo por extranjeros y colonización de campesinos en la Costa del Sol”
This type of mobility in search of amenity spaces for longer seasons than traditional tourists in european and american literature has been called: Lifestyle Migration (Benson and OReilly, 2009; Muller, 2019), Amenity Migration (Janoschka, 2008), Priviledged Migration (Croucher, 2009) North-South Migration (Balslev, 2008; Bozic, 2006), Retirement Migration (Gustafson, 2008; Rodriguez, 2005), Consumption-Led Movility (Huber, 2005) and the most common: Residential Tourism (Bielza and Bohl 2009; Huete, 2008; Cañada, 2013)
Tomás Mazón and Antonio Aledo (2005) after carrying out a review of the literature, since the perspective of the economic production, they define Residential Tourism as: "The economic activity that is dedicated to the urbanization, construction and sale of houses that make up the extra-hotel sector, whose users use them as accommodation for long periods or to reside, permanently or semi-permanently, outside their places of habitual residence, and which respond to new forms of mobility of advanced societies” (p.18-19)
Summary
For Huete (2008) the term "Residential Tourism" was incorporated into the academic debate by Francisco Jurdao in his 1979 book “España en venta: compra de suelo por extranjeros y colonización de campesinos en la Costa del Sol”. In the following years the term residential tourism has been used by different researchers to refer to a diverse set of processes difficult to delimit, in which the intense economic activity around the real estate business with specific aspects of tourism, and these, with some forms of the new immigration forms and residential nature This type of mobility in search of amenity spaces for longer seasons than traditional tourists in european and american literature has been called: Lifestyle Migration (Benson and OReilly, 2009; Muller, 2019), Amenity Migration (Janoschka, 2008), Priviledged Migration (Croucher, 2009) North-South Migration (Balslev, 2008; Bozic, 2006), Retirement Migration (Gustafson, 2008; Rodriguez, 2005), Consumption-Led Movility (Huber, 2005) and the most common: Residential Tourism (Bielza and Bohl 2009; Huete, 2008; Cañada, 2013). The main question that guided this research was ¿What are the social, cultural, political and environmental impacts of residential tourism in host communities? In this paper we proposed to answer this question
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