Abstract
Background: Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the fear of getting infected has caused case underreporting and reduced demand for medical care in urgent cases, which includes strokes - a major cause of death and hospitalization in Brazil. Objective: Analyze the sociodemographic profile and the number of emergency hospitalizations for stroke from 2016 to 2020, the latter being the year in which the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic began. Methods: This is an ecological study based on the database (DATASUS), published by the Ministry of Health (Brazil) and extracted from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS). It refers to hospitalizations for strokes, from 2016-2019, compared to the year 2020, in Brazil. We also analyzed the most prevalent group by sex and age group. Results: 140.064 hospitalizations for stroke were registered in the year 2020. O the other hand, 160.816 occurred in 2019; 154.744 – 2018; 151.129 – 2017 and 145.944 in 2016. This demonstrates a typical pattern of hospitalizations with a tendency to rise, when compared from 2016 to 2019, dropping in 2020. Among the hospitalizations registered in 2020, 102.018 (72.84%) occurred in individuals over 60 years of age and 73.855 (52.73%) occurred in males. The same pattern was registered in previous years. Conclusion: Thus, more studies need to be carried out to prove whether the decrease in hospitalizations was in fact due to a reduction in the demand for medical care, case underreporting or a real drop in the number of strokes.
Highlights
Capsaicin is able to induce mast cell degranulation, an event probably related to the pathophysiology of a migraine attack
Objectives: The present review study aimed to address the mechanisms of action of capsaicin and other chemical inducers in mast cell degranulation and an interaction of nerves and events that happen in the dura mater with the activation of mast cells
The analyses showed significantly higher frequency of the genotype VV in those who had depression, compared with the allele A
Summary
Capsaicin is able to induce mast cell degranulation, an event probably related to the pathophysiology of a migraine attack. Neuroinfections are pathologies that affect the CNS, for example, we have Murcomycosis, a progressive infection caused by opportunistic fungi of the order Mucorales, with high frequency in Immunodepressed patients, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the main underlying pathology associated with the development of Rhinocerebral Murcomycosis, which represents 50% of the cases, with a mortality rate of 70% (Sidrim, 2012, p.168). The COVID-19 pandemic has been alarming the world since its first outbreak in December 2019 In this scenario, the presence of aggravating factors such as the elevation of the D-dimer and the reduction of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) during the clinical course of the disease, collaborated in the appearance of thromboembolic events derived from inflammatory processes and extensive intravascular coagulation, contributing to the emergence of diseases such as Hemorrhagic Stroke (ICH), leading the patient to have a worse clinical prognosis and a consecutive worsening of their health. Despite being classically associated with this etiology, the finding may be present in other diseases, especially infiltrative ones
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