Abstract
In this paper, we quantify impacts on consumption expenditure and patterns following India’s initial sudden lockdown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the gradual relaxation that followed. We use household survey data from a representative Indian state, Punjab. We separate the effects on rural versus urban households, and by whether households were female-headed, or had daily laborers. While the urban population cut back expenditure across all categories, rural households shifted toward basic commodities and cut back more on other expenditure. Rural households that included daily-wage laborers were the most severely affected.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
