Abstract
Many people prefer to drink bottled water instead off the tap water. The bottled water is stored in the plastic bottles sometimes for long time. These plastic bottles might leach out some harmful materials into the water especially when exposed to temperature alteration, which may affect human health. This research work focused on investigating the effect of changing temperature on the bottled water quality. The work studied the effect of heating water in plastic bottles by sun, oven, and microwave. The study included also the impact of cooling and freezing the bottled waters. Results showed that temperature alterations caused changes in some physicochemical properties of bottled waters such as decreasing the values of pH and TDS and increasing levels of fluoride and chloride. In addition, the concentration levels of some physiochemical parameters exceeded the permissible values for drinking water. With temperature alterations, all levels of heavy metals in bottled waters were minimal except some small concentrations of copper and zinc. Results confirmed also differences in behavior between the bottled water brands exposed to the same temperature alterations. Heating bottled waters above 50 °C is alarming problem on the water quality. This is because above this degree, many alternations were observed in the water content. The outcomes of this work are useful for improving the current legislation on bottled waters and their storage.
Highlights
Clean and safe drinking water is an essential element of health security and strengthens sustainable social and economic development (WHO 2011)
The obtained results in this study confirmed the impact of alteration of temperature on physical and chemical properties of drinking water stored in plastic bottles
The study exhibited the influence of heating methods on the water quality alteration
Summary
Clean and safe drinking water is an essential element of health security and strengthens sustainable social and economic development (WHO 2011). Many people do not drink directly tap water They prefer to drink bottled water, which is filled, from groundwater or sometimes-surface water with or without some treatment process such as filtration and sterilization. This water is stored normally in plastic bottles for long time, i.e., six months up to a year. Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University, Al‐Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University, Al‐Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound commonly used in manufacturing plastic bottles If this compound leaches out into the water may cause many diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and cancer (Taylor-Smith 2020)
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