Abstract
One of the best solutions for countries with foreign trade deficit and cannot increase total exports is to improve the added value of exported products. High technology products have the highest added value. The method to increase production and exports in high technology products is to increase RD World Bank, 2012). On the other hand, India has significantly accelerated its economic growth through computer software, natural healthy life support products and remote call center services it offers to developed countries thanks to the individuals it sent for education abroad in the 1960s (Hindistan, 2012). Members of BRICST countries, Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and Turkey drew global attention due to their economic growth performance in recent years. Economic performance of these countries affects the foreign trade volume and economic growth for the rest of the world. In the present study, impacts of R&D expenditures and the size of the qualified R&D labor force on high technology exports were investigated for BRICTS countries using panel data analysis for 1996-2014 period. We expected that the study findings would reveal a positive impact of R&D expenditures and qualified labor force in the R&D sector on exports in high technology products. The present study would contribute to the literature as it would draw the attention of developing countries to the significance of R&D expenditures and qualified labor force in the R&D sector.
Highlights
This study presents the following two research questions: 1. How many words of Latin or Greek origin are included in approximately 3,000 high-frequency Malay words?
Vocabularies of Greek and Latin origins represent the majority of English and Dutch loanwords in Malay
This study examined the benefits of basic Malay words of Latin and Greek origins, constructing an equivalent to the Oxford 3000TM list
Summary
The Malay language belongs to the Austronesian language family (Crystal, 2010). It has borrowed many words of European origin as a consequence of the colonization of Malaya (a major part of present-day Malaysia) by Portugal, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. An example of a Malay word of Portuguese origin is gereja (church), whose exact pronunciation is similar to greja. This word stems from the Portuguese noun igreja (church) (Jones, 2007), and its ultimate origin is ekklēsia (church) in Classical Greek. Majority of Malayan inhabitants were not Christians; gereja (church) was introduced to Malay as a foreign religious term
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