Abstract
Simple SummaryBradysia odoriphaga is a soil-dwelling insect native to China, and its preferred host is Chinese chives. In this study, non-lethal high-temperature as an important limiting factor to affect the population and development of B. odoriphaga was assessed. Meanwhile, the physiological mechanism on non-lethal high-temperature to reduce the population was also identified. These would lay a key theoretical foundation for the future development of high-temperature products for environment friendly pest control strategies.Bradysia odoriphaga is an agricultural pest in China’s vegetable industry. In this study, pupae and adults were exposed to various non-lethal high-temperatures. The results demonstrated a decreased rate of eclosion once the pupae were exposed to temperatures exceeding 37 °C for 1 h. No effect on the lifespan of unmated female adults was observed after exposure to temperature stress, while unmated male adult lifespan decreased (>37 °C for 2 h). The size of the testis and ovaries for unmated male and female adults decreased, as did the fecundity and egg hatching rate for mated females. Compared with the control group (25 °C), the testis size of unmated male adults decreased after high-temperature stress followed by recovery at 25 °C for 1 h, though the size of the ovaries of female adults did not change. Additionally, the size of the testis and ovaries for unmated male and female adults decreased following high-temperature stress and 24 h of recovery at 25 °C. High temperatures affected males more than females; 37 °C is the critical temperature to control the population of B. odoriphaga. These results lay the foundation for the future development of environmentally friendly high-temperature prevention and pest-control strategies.
Highlights
Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang (Diptera: Sciaridae) is commonly known as the chive maggot and consumes roots [1]
The rate of emergence of female pupae when exposed to 34 ◦C for 1, 2, and 4 h did not significantly differ from the rate observed in the 25 ◦C control group
The lifespan of unmated male adults is much shorter than that of unmated female adults, though we found no significant difference in the lifespan of female and male adults following mating
Summary
Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang (Diptera: Sciaridae) is commonly known as the chive maggot and consumes roots [1] It has a wide range of hosts and can damage over thirty kinds of vegetables and fruits from seven families, as well as edible fungi [2,3]. The methods currently used to prevent and control B. odoriphaga include releasing entomopathogenic nematodes [5,6], hanging black sticky boards [7], and adjusting cultivation patterns [8]. These methods are limited by high costs and poor efficacy. Research on green control technology for B. odoriphaga would be critical for ensuring healthy and sustainable agricultural productivity
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