Abstract
Abstract This chapter discusses the impacts of leasehold forestry in Nepal in terms of the conditions of the forests as well as the lives and livelihoods of the poorest segments of society that use them. Existing leasehold forestry is covered by the Leasehold Forestry Policy 2002 and Forest Act 1993. Other instruments that provide the policy foundations on which the leasehold forestry programme is based include: Master Plan for the Forestry Sector (1989); Agriculture Perspective Plan (1995); Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07); and Interim 3 Year Plans (2007-10 and 2010-13). All of these policies and Acts were formulated with a view that the leasehold forestry was to enhance forest product-based industries. Taken together, the findings from rigorous studies have shown that the leasehold forestry system of tenure and support, linking forest management and livelihoods, has undoubtedly resulted in positive environmental impacts and livelihoods changes, especially for the most marginalized traditional forest-user households, those who are most in need.
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