Abstract
AbstractIntroduced species negatively impact native species through competitive and trophic interactions, particularly on oceanic islands that have never been connected to any continental landmass. However, there are few studies on the relative importance of competitive interactions (resource competition with introduced species) and trophic interactions (predation or herbivory by introduced species) with respect to the negative impacts on native organisms on oceanic islands. A literature review on introduced and native species of the oceanic Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands in the western Pacific Ocean indicated that many native species (e.g., bees, beetles, damselflies, butterflies, land snails, birds, and plants) have been negatively impacted by introduced predators and herbivores (e.g., lizards, rats, flatworms, and goats). Several native plants and bees have been negatively affected by introduced competitors. However, the native species that have competed with introduced species have also suffered from either intense herbivory or predation by other introduced species. Thus, introduced predators and herbivores have had greater impacts on native species than introduced competitors in the Ogasawara Islands.
Highlights
Biological invasion is a common phenomenon worldwide (Elton 1958; Mack et al 2000)
The extinction of native species caused by such resource competition with introduced species has rarely been reported (Davis 2003; Gurevitch and Padilla 2004; Sax and Gaines 2008)
Other examples include the accidental introduction of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis, to Guam, which led to a dramatic population decrease or the extinction in some native birds, bats, and reptiles (Fritts and Rodda 1998)
Summary
Biological invasion is a common phenomenon worldwide (Elton 1958; Mack et al 2000). Introduced species have negatively impacted native species, on Shinji Sugiura is the recipient of the 18th Denzaburo Miyadi. The extinction of native species caused by such resource competition with introduced species has rarely been reported (Davis 2003; Gurevitch and Padilla 2004; Sax and Gaines 2008). Intense predation by introduced species has caused the extinction of many native species (Davis 2003; Sax and Gaines 2008). Top-down impacts by introduced predators and herbivores may be a more important factor driving the extinction and decline of native species than resource competition with introduced species in island ecosystems (Sax and Gaines 2008). Few studies have investigated the relative importance of intertrophic (predation or herbivory) and intratrophic interactions (resource competition) between introduced and native organisms on oceanic islands. The Ogasawara Islands provide a useful site for investigating the negative impacts of introduced species on oceanic island biota
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