IMPACTS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ON THE GRAVITY OF COVID-19 IN INDIVIDUALS CO-INFECTED WITH THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)

doi:10.28933/ajmi-2021-06-1806

Abstract

Objective: To identify the levels of severity of COVID-19 in individuals co-infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Methods: Expanded summary of the literature review type. The searches were carried out in the main databases of the BVS and CAPES. The above authors declare that they do not have conflict of interest in this study. Results: Most individuals were being treated with antiretrovirals (83-100%) and, therefore, most had a TCD4 lymphocyte count above 200 cells/µL and a viral load ranging between 67-100%. Comorbidities ranged from 33-70% and deaths from 0-14%. The severity picture was mostly mild, at a minimum proportion of 63%, not significantly differing from the population with COVID-19 in general, which on average remains in a mild symptomatic picture, around 80%. Therefore, the percentage of deaths and more severe levels of the disease were lower than expected due to the immune deficiency of HIV positive people. Conclusion: It is rash to make generalizations about the topic or to safely close the hypothesis that the immunosuppression of individuals with HIV, co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 has an increased risk to acquire the most severe form of COVID-19. This is because the studies found in the literature did not have a sample of participants significant enough.

Highlights

The world faces two major active pandemics: an older one, the HIV / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) pandemic, where no cure has yet been found, and a more recent one, the COVID-19 pandemic.The COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, was discovered in December 2019 in China[1,2] and in a few months it spread around the world, being considered by WHO as a Public Health Emergency of International Importance (ESPII ) and shortly thereafter was declared a pandemic, which has already infected and killed thousands of people[3]
In this way, considering the tendency towards immunosuppression in HIV patients and the current pandemic scenario of a highly transmissible virus, which can worsen in the face of risk factors and lead to death, this study aims to identify the impact of immunosuppression, caused by HIV, in the severity of COVID-19, in individuals co-infected with SARS-CoV-2
The descriptors were used: “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “coinfection” and “HIV”, for which 38 articles were found in the BVS (34 from MEDLINE, three from medRxiv and one from LILACS) and 105 in the CAPES Periodical from different databases, totaling 143 documents

Summary

Research Article

IMPACTS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ON THE GRAVITY OF COVID-19 IN INDIVIDUALS CO-INFECTED WITH THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV). Isla Naraelly Gonçalves de Moura Rosendo1*, José Luiz de Campos Ribeiro Júnior[1], Myllena Carolina Sales da Silva[1], Nayhara Rayanna Gomes da Silva[1], Thais Monteiro de Lucena[1], Aracele Tenório de Almeida e Cavalcanti[2]

INTRODUCTION

Skin rashes

CONCLUSIONS