Abstract
This research analyzed the impact of environmental regulations and their power in suppressing tourism carbon emissions. The results showed that: (1) four types of environmental regulations had significant inhibiting effects on tourism carbon emissions, but different types of regulations had varying effects; and (2) environmental regulations had a significant time lag effect on tourism carbon emissions. The decay rates of the environmental regulation effects were dissimilar for supervisory management, market incentives, command and control, and public participation; and (3) environmental regulations had dissimilar influences on tourism carbon emissions at the regional level. Government agencies should choose differentiated environmental regulation tools, attach great importance to the time-lag effect of environmental regulations on tourism carbon emissions, and establish systems and mechanisms of public participation in environmental matters.
Highlights
The influence coefficient for the public participation environmental regulation (PP) effect on tourism carbon emission was −0.07, which was significant at the 1% level (Table 2)
The carbon emission reduction of the tourism sector in China is dominated by government regulations
Environmental regulation based on supervisory management had the most significant impact on tourism carbon emissions, followed by market incentives and command and control
Summary
Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, China’s tourism economy has maintained rapid growth with an annual average rate of over 15%. During 2005–2020, the tourism industry’s carbon emissions of China increased at an average annual rate of 2.31% [1,2]. In China, tourism carbon emission reduction is imperative considering the rapid tourism growth. China has actively formulated relevant policies and adopted environmental regulations to control tourism carbon emissions to upgrade the industry structure and promote the low-carbon transformation of tourism. These are: can environmental regulations become important driving forces in promoting lowcarbon tourism? What are the differences in the effects of different types of environmental regulations on tourism carbon emissions? Whether environmental regulations have different effects on carbon emission reduction of tourism in different regions? Are there lag effects of environmental regulations on carbon emissions?.
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