Abstract
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is an extensively used plasticizer. Most investigations on DBP have been concentrated on its environmental distribution and toxicity to humans. However, information on the effects of plasticizers on algal species is scarce. This study verified the impacts of endocrine disruptor di-n-butyl phthalate ester on microalga Chlorella vulgaris by approaches of proteomics and gene ontology. The algal acute biotoxicity results showed that the 24h-EC50 of DBP for C. vulgaris was 4.95 mg L−1, which caused a decrease in the chlorophyll a content and an increase in the DBP concentration of C. vulgaris. Proteomic analysis led to the identification of 1257 C. vulgaris proteins. Sixty-one more proteins showed increased expression, compared to proteins with decreased expression. This result illustrates that exposure to DBP generally enhances protein expression in C. vulgaris. GO annotation showed that both acetolactate synthase (ALS) and GDP-L-fucose synthase 2 (GER2) decreased more than 1.5-fold after exposure to DBP. These effects could inhibit both the valine biosynthetic process and the nucleotide-sugar metabolic process in C. vulgaris. The results of this study demonstrate that DBP could inhibit growth and cause significant changes to the biosynthesis-relevant proteins in C. vulgaris.
Highlights
Microalgae are a large and diverse group of aquatic organisms which can be found in freshwater, estuarine, and marine environments [1,2]
The result indicates that the 24h-EC50 of Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) for C. vulgaris was 4.95 mg L−1
The control test referred to acute biotoxicity analysis without DBP treatment
Summary
Microalgae are a large and diverse group of aquatic organisms which can be found in freshwater, estuarine, and marine environments [1,2]. Compared to vascular plants of the same footprint, microalgae are potential candidates for biofuel production due to their high photosynthetic efficiency, high biomass yield, fast growth rate, and high applicability [3]. 50%, which is higher than that in woods (around 40%), and their sulfur content is low Microalgae have attracted considerable interest as potential feedstock for bioactive natural chemicals; in particular, certain species under specific cultivation conditions can produce many useful materials, such as polysaccharides, carotenoids, oleic acid, and astaxanthin [5]. Molecules 2020, 25, x FOR PEER REVIEW. Molecules 2020, 25, 4304 specific cultivation conditions can produce many useful materials, such as polysaccharides, carotenoids, oleic acid, and astaxanthin [5]
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