Abstract
This study focuses on two different techniques for preparation of nickel manganite (NiMn2O4) system. One approach is conventional ceramic method, and the second is based on replacing the ceramic route with green synthesis mediated by egg white. The goal of this strategy is produce a single nanomagnetic phase of NiMn2O4 using a mostly simple one-step method with specific characteristics as seen in the second route compared to the ceramic method. The as synthesized system was characterized by using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrographs (SEM), and Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). XRD, EDS and SEM analyses confirm a successful synthesis of NiMn2O4 single phase with cubic spinel and sponge crystal structures. The particles are polycrystalline in their nature and average crystallite size ranged between 76 and 90 nm. Egg white assisted combustion method imparted amelioration in the system crystallization, size of grain, distribution of cation and magnetic properties of the as prepared materials. The magnetic mensuration suggested that the obtained nickel manganite shows ferromagnetism at room temperature with an optimum value (3.56 emu/g) of saturation magnetization.
Highlights
Nowadays, the temperature measurement application based on nanosized materials attracts the scientists’ attention due to their unique the physical and chemical properties
These stages confirmed by derivative thermogravimetry analysis (DTG) peaks in the ranges of 50–120 ◦ C, 121–152 ◦ C and 153–251 ◦ C with weight loss of 10.27%, 7.34% and 14.42%, respectively. (iii) The decomposition of anhydrous Ni and Mn nitrates obtained from hydrated nitrates is one-stage process occurring between 252 ◦ C and 332 ◦ C with a weight loss of 15.69% [35]
These results enabled us to investigate the cation distribution of the as synthesized spinel nickel manganite
Summary
The temperature measurement application based on nanosized materials attracts the scientists’ attention due to their unique the physical and chemical properties. Crystals 2020, 10, 489 either the A-sites or the B-sites or both, ionic radii and energetic preference, culminating in two distinct sublattic A and B attached by oxygen ions The presence of these sublattices includes metals in different oxidation states may lead to long range magnetic and conducting interactions. NiMn2 O4 ceramic thermistor material can be synthesized in the miniaturized form using different fabrication techniques. Some of these techniques are solid-state reaction, ball milling and sol-gel methods [14,15,16,17,18]. The egg white assisted combustion method can be more controlled in terms of structure, morphology, magnetization, and size distribution compared to the ceramic method as will be seen
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