Abstract
Impacts of artisanal gold mining in River Nile State, Sudan
Highlights
The gold mining operations started before three centuries (BC) by the Pharaohs, and these operations continued by the Napata Kingdom in the Nubian Desert and by the Kushite Kingdom in
This study aims to identify the impacts of traditional mining operations on people living in gold mining areas in addition to those working in these areas in the River Nile state, Sudan
The main objective of this paper is to identify the impacts of traditional mining operations on ASGM gold miners in the River Nile State, Sudan, and to provide some strategic visions that help in developing the positive aspects of mining operations in the country
Summary
The gold mining operations started before three centuries (BC) by the Pharaohs, and these operations continued by the Napata Kingdom in the Nubian Desert and by the Kushite Kingdom in Benishangul mountains in the Blue Nile region. Studies indicate that the Pharaohs have mining operations for gold in the Nubian Desert and Karma areas. Artisanal mining operations began strongly, and this can be considered as one of the modern social and economic phenomena. It spread out all over Sudan, especially in the north. In 2008 the activity started as a result of discoveries of heavy gold nuggets by some citizens through surface excavations of the land surface in the valleys and the desert in River Nile State. By the end of 2009, a gold rush activity starts as a large number of citizens coming from Eljazira, Kordofan, Darfur, and other different states of Sudan (Fig. 1)
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