Abstract
Abuse of androgens and overtraining expose bodybuilders to multifactorial stress influences related to endocrine activity. Endocrine responses in 23 bodybuilder athletes were investigated after a strength training period, during which they were taking high doses of androgenic-anabolic steroids. Serum concentrations of TSH, T3, and T4 were unchanged significantly. Serum LH and FSH concentrations decreased dramatically (P<0.05). In addition, low mean concentration of serum testosterone was recorded, with more substantial reduction in participants of elder ages. The multiple regression model used in this analysis supported this inference. On the other hand, a positive association was observed between levels of blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglyceride) and the outcome predictor (mean serum testosterone level). The results also suggested a negative correlation between testosterone level and each of age and HDL level. The current study shows that excessive bodybuilding exercise has an impact on the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis in top-level athletes. Also, simultaneous usage of anabolic steroids induces extreme shifts in the hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal (HPGA) axis, which is reflected as changes in testosterone level, development of the overtraining syndrome, and adverse influences on hormonal control.
Highlights
luteinizing hormone (LH) بيشسا انخفزت تركي ازت مرل كل من. )لاعبي كسال الاجدام من مجسهعة الديظرة
A positive association was observed between levels of blood lipids and the outcome predictor
The results suggested a negative correlation between testosterone level and each of age and HDL level
Summary
Exercise has been found to affect the function of multiple glands as well as the development of their hormones [1]. Gonadotropes in the anterior pituitary gland manufacture and release hormones called follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) [2] Both triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) are thyroid hormones, with the former playing a number of essential functions in metabolism, heart rate, digestion, muscle control, brain function and development, and bone health [3]. Bodybuilders use a variety of tools, including dietary supplements and anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs), in addition to exercise and nutrition, to achieve their optimal body structure [61-13]. Androgenic hormones, such as testosterone derivatives, are known as AASs. Supraphysiological testosterone increases stimulate protein synthesis, which leads to increased muscle size, density, and strength [14]. The aim of the study is to examine these differences in endocrine profiles in more detail and to interpret some of the findings
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