Abstract
Agricultural land acquisition for urbanization (ALAFU) has strongly impacted agriculture in Vietnam during the last decades. Given the mixed data obtained from a survey (with 50 households who lost 50% of their farmland area), in-depth interviews, a group-focused discussion and observation, this study shows the different impacts of ALAFU on each agricultural activity of affected household by comparing before and after ALAFU. Rice cultivation and animal breeding have sharply declined, but potted flower plantation (PFP) has quickly grown and is the main income of 34% of surveyed households. Rice cultivation has declined not only as a result of agricultural land acquisition, which has resulted in the loss of rice land, but also as a result of urbanization, which has resulted in rice land abandonment. Conversely, PFP is growing due to advantages associated with urbanization, such as a good consumer market and upgraded infrastructure. However, whether they are declining or increasing, all agricultural activities have to face challenges related to the shortcomings in agricultural land allocation and agricultural development plans. This study suggests that if ALAFU projects are continued, the government should evaluate agricultural development and forecast farmland abandonment after ALAFU. Simultaneously, they should put more effort into maintaining agriculture in the form of peri-urban or urban agriculture, which is significant for sustainable development in affected communities.
Highlights
After more than two decades of implementing the national strategy of industrialization and urbanization, many parts of rural area in Vietnam have quickly transformed to periurban or urban areas, and rural people’s livelihoods have gradually moved to the nonfarming sector [1]
Previous studies have revealed that taking non-farm jobs is a good alternative livelihood strategy that affected people should pursue following agricultural land acquisition (ALA), to restore and improve their economic household [2,3]
Requests highly about technique, financial capital and number of working day, in return, the income from this activity is higher”.. (Source from a depth interview an officer of famer union). To discover how these changes relate to Agricultural land acquisition for urbanization (ALAFU), we investigated the causes obtained by the household surveys, group discussions, and in-depth interviews, and analyzed the data
Summary
After more than two decades of implementing the national strategy of industrialization and urbanization, many parts of rural area in Vietnam have quickly transformed to periurban or urban areas, and rural people’s livelihoods have gradually moved to the nonfarming sector [1]. The statistical data of the country in 2019 shows that the contribution from the non-agriculture sector to the national GDP and its share of employment increased to 82% and 64.7%, respectively. Previous studies have revealed that taking non-farm jobs is a good alternative livelihood strategy that affected people should pursue following agricultural land acquisition (ALA), to restore and improve their economic household [2,3]. This is one of the important achievements of urbanization and industrialization [4]. Niên Giám Thông Kê 2012 (Statistical Yearbook of Vietnam); Nhà xuất bản thống kê: Ha Noi, Vietnam, 2012
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