Abstract
High temperature superconducting (HTS) power cables are a potential solution for the grid integration of offshore wind farms since the HTS cable can conduct bulk wind power at low voltage levels. However, the transient current through the HTS cable in cases of low voltage ride through (LVRT) operation has a negative impact on the HTS cable operation due to the quenching phenomenon. This paper analyzes the impact of LVRT control strategies on the HTS cable operation. In addition, a coordinated control of wind turbines for LVRT improvement of an offshore wind farm is proposed. The feasibility of the HTS cable application for the grid connection of offshore wind farms is also discussed in this study. The proposed controller is designed for the wind turbine generator based on a type-4 permanent magnet synchronous generator. In the proposed controller, the transient current through the HTS cable is reduced by regulating the machine side power during fault conditions. The feasibility of the proposed controller is validated in the PSCAD/EMTDC program (Manitoba Hydro International Ltd., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, version 4.2.1). The effects of transient current on the cable temperatures and resistances are analyzed in this study. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy could reduce the transient current and temperature rise of the HTS cable.
Highlights
The high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable offers various advantages over the conventional cable, such as high-power capacity, low voltage operation, low impedance, and an integrated fault current limiter [1,2,3], which allows the HTS cable to carry large transmission capacity with more compact size and high efficiency
The impacts of low voltage ride through (LVRT) control strategies of the offshore wind farm on the HTS power cable has been discussed in this study
The wind farm could be disconnected from the utility grid since the HTS cable has to be cooled down to recover the superconducting state
Summary
The high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable offers various advantages over the conventional cable, such as high-power capacity, low voltage operation, low impedance, and an integrated fault current limiter [1,2,3], which allows the HTS cable to carry large transmission capacity with more compact size and high efficiency. The use of a medium voltage HTS cable for the grid connection of offshore wind farms could reduce a considerable power transfer loss [10]. Since the wind farm is required to stay connected to the utility grid in short periods of low voltage, various LVRT control strategies have been proposed. Depending on the LVRT control strategies, the operation of the HTS cable could be affected by transient current during low voltage conditions. Two LVRT control strategies are focused on this study, which are the crowbar protection and the coordinated control of WTG converters; Propose an effective coordinated control to improve the LVRT performance of offshore wind farms connected to the grid by the HTS cable.
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