Impactos dos acordos de liberalização comercial Alca e Mercoeuro sobre os países membros

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to determine the impacts on the international agricultural market of potential trade liberalization agreements such as Americas Free Trade Area (Afta) and Mercosul and European Union Free Trade Area (Mercoeuro). The general equilibrium model from the Global Trade Analysis Project (Gtap) is applied to run the simulations. The results suggest that Afta increases agricultural production and trade balance for the Mercosul countries, but for manufactures the effects are negative on both production and trade balance. The U.S. and Canada show a small reduction on trade balance. Brazil is the only Mercosul country to obtain welfare gains with Afta. The impacts of Mercoeuro on its member country are similar to those of Afta, but they are greater in magnitude. Also, all countries have welfare gains in the Mercoeuro, which presents greater benefits than Afta to their respective.