Impacto do estilo de vida na adaptação individual e relacional e nos resultados obstétricos de mulheres adultas após o parto

Daniela Centenaro Levandowski,Marco Pereira,Maria Cristina Canavarro,Mariana Moura­‑Ramos

doi:10.14195/1647-8606_61-2_5

Abstract

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar retrospetivamente o estilo de vida (EV) de mulheres antes e durante a gravidez; descrever a adaptação individual e relacional na transição para a maternidade e os resultados obstétricos; e avaliar a associação entre hábitos de EV e estes indicadores. A amostra foi composta por 98 mães, a maioria casadas ou em união de facto, com ensino secundário ou superior, nulíparas e que planearam a gravidez. A bateria de avaliação incluiu um questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Avaliação das Emoções, o Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos e escalas de adjetivos para avaliar os domínios conjugal e parental. Os resultados mostraram uma mudança positiva no EV durante a gravidez em comparação ao período precedente. Foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre a adoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis e menor sintomatologia psicopatológica e maior reatividade emocional positiva. Estes resultados salientam a importância da avaliação de diferentes componentes do EV e a sua associação com diversos indicadores individuais e relacionais para uma melhor compreensão da adaptação das mulheres na transição para a maternidade.

Highlights

Lifestyle is defined by the World Health Organization as “a way of living based on identifiable patterns of behaviours, which are determined by the interplay between an individual’s personal characteristics, social interactions and socioeconomic and environmental living conditions” (WHO, 1998, p. 16)
Significant associations were found between the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits and lower psychological distress and higher positive emotional reactivity
In comparison to usual behaviours, women in this study showed a significant and positive change in various aspects of their lifestyle habits during pregnancy, including a more varied diet, a larger number of meals and a reduction in coffee and tobacco consumption

Summary

Introduction

Lifestyle is defined by the World Health Organization as “a way of living based on identifiable patterns of behaviours, which are determined by the interplay between an individual’s personal characteristics, social interactions and socioeconomic and environmental living conditions” (WHO, 1998, p. 16). Lifestyle is defined by the World Health Organization as “a way of living based on identifiable patterns of behaviours, which are determined by the interplay between an individual’s personal characteristics, social interactions and socioeconomic and environmental living conditions” Based on this definition, lifestyle depends on individual aspects as well as on characteristics of family environment and social, cultural, historical and economic background. Lifestyle depends on individual aspects as well as on characteristics of family environment and social, cultural, historical and economic background Because of this diversity of influencing factors, it is difficult to define a healthy lifestyle. In general, a healthy lifestyle involves the adoption of healthy behaviours, defined as “any activity undertaken by an individual, regardless of actual or perceived health status, for the purpose of promoting, protecting or maintaining health” It is expected that people adopt a healthier lifestyle to achieve or maintain satisfactory health status, which improves their quality of life

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