Abstract
This paper describes a finite-element method which was developed to predict the impact response of three-dimensional thin-walled frame structures. The softening effect of the load-deformation characteristics for thin-walled beams under combined axial compression, bending and torsional loads during impact is simulated by making use of a nonlinear Maxwell model. The large deformation of a structure is calculated by using updated nodal coordinates and internal forces, and the flexibility matrix for a curved beam element. Crash tests against a flat barrier were made on three-dimensional frame models. Comparisons between the calculated and experimental force-time relations and the deformed shape of the frame are discussed.
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