Abstract
This research aimed to study the impact response of topology optimized hammerhead pier beam (HPB) based on the density approach. The HPB is prepared with the concept of preplaced aggregate fibrous concrete (PAFC) comprising two primary approaches; first, the coarse aggregate and fiber are prepacked into the designed formwork. Second, the gaps between the aggregate and fiber are filled with cement grout. In this work, an attempt has been made to study an impact response of HPB made with PAFC. Five HPBs were prepared and strengthened with steel fibers with two different schemes, Firstly, the HPB was reinforced with a full cross-section at 2 and 4% of steel fiber, while another set of beams were only reinforced in the tension zone with the same amount of fibers. The study parameters included compressive strength, impact strength, impact ductility index, number of main and secondary cracks, and failure pattern. It was observed that the PAFC had an increase in compressive strength up to 56.9%, compared with nonfibred concrete. A fully fibered concrete beam with 4% fiber addition was the best at taking impact, and the initial crack and failures were observed at 2725.1 J and 3009.8 J, respectively, compared with non-fibered and tension zone fibered concrete beams. Compressive local damage and transverse flexural cracks were observed, which had caused initial cracks and final failure. The HPB with a full reinforced scheme at 4% dosage exhibited higher impact strength than the normal concrete and beam reinforced only in the tension zone.
Highlights
IntroductionThe construction industry is moving towards automation
The results indicated an increasing trend in compressive strength with increasing the fiber dosage from 2 to 4%
The compressive strength is increased by about 56.9%, when the corresponding dosage of steel fiber was 4%
Summary
The construction industry is moving towards automation. Concrete 3D printing plays a vital role in modern construction, and the progress of this field was summarized by Bhattacherjee et al [1]. Additives being manufactured for concrete reduces the manufacturing constraints for topology optimized structures. The major problem in topology optimization is to create the right formwork for concrete, traditional formworks need much post-processing, which affects the optimality of the structures. Complex formworks have been achieved by using fabric formworks in the past decades [2]. Topology optimization reduces the constraints that are encountered post-processing. Structural optimizations are commonly used in various industries such as automobile, aerospace, etc.
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