Abstract
BackgroundThe extraordinary situation caused by the onset of COVID-19 has meant that at prehospital level, the number of treatments, profile and time taken to respond for treating time-dependent pathologies has been greatly affected. However, it is not known whether the prehospital profile of polytrauma patients (PTP) has been affected.ObjectiveTo determine differences in the epidemiological characteristics and the clinical variables of prehospital polytrauma patients during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Catalonia.MethodologyAnalytical cross-sectional study. The number of prehospital activations and the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of polytrauma patients attended by the Emergency Medical System (EMS) of Catalonia, were compared for the period between 15 February and 15 May 2020 and the same period in the previous year. Priorities 0 and 1 are assigned to the most severely injured patients. An analysis was conducted using logistic regression and nonparametric tests.Results3023 patients were included. During the 2019 study period, 2045 (67.6%) patients were treated; however, during the pandemic period, 978 (32.4%) patients were treated, representing a 52% decrease (p = 0.002). The percentage of patients presenting priority 1 was higher during the pandemic period [240 (11.7%) vs 146 (14.9%), p = 0.032]. The percentage of priority 0 and 1 patients attended by a basic life support unit increased [201 (9.8%) vs 133 (13.6%), p = 0.006]. The number of traffic accidents decreased from 1211 (59.2%) to 522 (53.4%) and pedestrian-vehicle collisions fell from 249 (12.2%) to 92 (9.4%). Regarding weapon-related injuries and burns, there was an increase in the number of cases [43 (2.1%) vs 41 (4.2%), and 15 (0.7%) vs 22 (2.2%), p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively]. Hospital mortality remained unchanged (3.9%).ConclusionsDuring the first wave of the pandemic, the number of polytrauma patients decreased and there was a change in the profile of severity and type of accident.
Highlights
The extraordinary situation caused by the onset of COVID-19 has meant that at prehospital level, the number of treatments, profile and time taken to respond for treating time-dependent pathologies has been greatly affected
On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 an international public health emergency affecting more than 4.5 million people, having caused more than 14,510 deaths [2]
The study included 3023 polytrauma patients treated by the Emergency Medical System (EMS) in Catalonia
Summary
The extraordinary situation caused by the onset of COVID-19 has meant that at prehospital level, the number of treatments, profile and time taken to respond for treating time-dependent pathologies has been greatly affected. It is not known whether the prehospital profile of polytrauma patients (PTP) has been affected. Conclusions During the first wave of the pandemic, the number of polytrauma patients decreased and there was a change in the profile of severity and type of accident. In December 2019, an infectious outbreak of unknown aetiology was detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China It has been identified as the agent that caused the outbreak of a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 [1].
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