Abstract
The impact of cross-phase modulation (XPM) and four-wave mixing (FWM) on electronic impairment compensation via backward propagation is analyzed. XPM and XPM+FWM compensation are compared by solving, respectively, the backward coupled Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLSE) system and the total-field NLSE. The DSP implementations as well as the computational requirements are evaluated for each post-compensation system. A 12 x 100 Gb/s 16-QAM transmission system has been used to evaluate the efficiency of both approaches. The results show that XPM post-compensation removes most of the relevant source of nonlinear distortion. While DSP implementation of the total-field NLSE can ultimately lead to more precise compensation, DSP implementation sing the coupled NLSE system can maintain high accuracy with better computation efficiency and low system latency.
Highlights
In long-haul fiber transmission systems, fiber chromatic dispersion (CD), Kerr nonlinearity and amplifier noise are responsible for signal degradation, limiting the capacity of wavelengthdivision multiplexed (WDM) transmission systems [1]
It is important to stress that, τr and φfwm can be understood as phenomenological parameters, their values are related to the numerical procedure itself and they are expected to be independent on the general WDM transmission parameters, such as channel spacing or number of channels, whose effect over the step size is governed by the physical lengths
The relative impact of both effects has been evaluated by means of the coupled Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation (NLSE) and the total-field NLSE, which have been solved by using the symmetric iterative split-step Fourier method (SSFM)
Summary
In long-haul fiber transmission systems, fiber chromatic dispersion (CD), Kerr nonlinearity and amplifier noise are responsible for signal degradation, limiting the capacity of wavelengthdivision multiplexed (WDM) transmission systems [1]. In [8], the total optical DWM signal is backward propagated using a full time-domain split-step method to solve the z-reversed nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) This method has been proven effective, reducing the number of computations required and its impact on the system latency is desirable for the eventual implementation of the post-compensation method. The impact of nonlinear inter-channel effects, i.e. cross-phase modulation (XPM) and four-wave mixing (FWM), are studied in the framework of backward propagation post-compensation systems For this purpose, a WDM transmission system with 12 channels, each of them modulated in a 100 Gbits/s 16-QAM format, is simulated.
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