Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:to assess the impact of the type of contract and seniority of nursing staff on their attitudes towards communication, emotional intelligence and empathy. Methods:the instruments measuring attitudes towards communication, empathy and emotional intelligence. The study sample was composed of 450 nurses from 7 hospitals. To explore the effect of the variables studied, one-factor ANOVA test, Pearson correlations and hierarchical multiple linear regression models were performed according to the type of contract. Results:there are statistically significant differences between the variables studied according to the type of contract. More specifically, the nursing staff with permanent contract showed higher scores in the cognitive dimension of the scale attitudes towards communication. Likewise, the highest correlations were found among the dimensions of attitudes towards communication in all the groups. At the same time, seniority was positively related to emotional intelligence in the interim and negatively related to empathy in the permanent contract. Finally, regarding the regression models, it was observed that the perspective taken is the main predictor of each dimension of attitudes towards communication in all the groups, regardless of the type of contract. Conclusion:positive working conditions (job security, permanent contract and seniority) have been found to influence the communication skills in the patient-nurse relationship.
Highlights
Interpersonal communication between nurse practitioner and patient is an essential part of health care(1)
This study was composed of 450 nurses who perform direct patient care from seven public hospitals in Valencia, whose ages varied from 22 to 64 years, and with an average age of 44.13 (SD=11.58)
Regarding the differences in attitudes towards communication (ACO), JSE and TMMS according to the type of contract, statistically significant differences were found (p≤0.05) only in the case of the cognitive dimension (F2=3.52; p=0.03; η2=0.02) of the ACO scale
Summary
Interpersonal communication between nurse practitioner and patient is an essential part of health care(1). The ability to communicate helps in the adherence to treatment and can increase the effectiveness of treatments in primary care(2). Despite the importance of the quality of communication with patient, few studies have explored this subject in depth. Communication can be influenced by the knowledge and attitudes of the nurses themselves(7), the emotional intelligence (EI) and the empathy of the professionals(8). These variables may act as barriers and/or facilitators, promoting or hindering effective communication with the patient(9). Studies suggest that nurses who lack EI and empathy do not have the ability to communicate effectively neither with the patient nor with their team(10-11)
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