Impact of wave frequency in underwater wireless sensor network route discovery

Abstract

Improvement in communication technologies has initiated a remarkable revolution across the globe and even across planets. Although terrestrial communication has reached an advanced level, underwater communication is only in its infancy. The factors that affect underwater communication are signal propagation in multiple paths, time variations of the channel, low bandwidth and signal attenuation when transmitting to longer distances. Usage of low frequency waves have resulted in a comparatively low data transmission rate in underwater communication. The commonly used waves are acoustic, electromagnetic and optical waves. The wavelengths of these waves are different and so data transmission rate also automatically varies. This paper describes the impact that the frequencies of transmission waves have on route discovery in underwater wireless sensor networks.