Abstract

Oil dispersed on the water surface undergoes fragmentation into droplets, subsequently entering the water column under wave action. The oil entrainment rate and the droplet size distribution (DSD) significantly influence the subsequent migration and transformation of oil in the water column. A wave tank system was employed to investigate the impact of wave action on oil entrainment rate and DSD. The experimental results revealed that increased wave height and wave frequency facilitated the entry of oil into the water column and fragmented it into dispersed droplets. Relationships between oil entrainment rate and energy dissipation, as well as DSD, were established and supported by mathematical regression analyses. Non-linear regression analysis indicated that the cumulative frequency distribution of DSD adhered to the Log-Normal and Rosin-Rammler distributions. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of natural oil dispersion and subsea transport, valuable for estimating the origin of oil spills.

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