Impact of Volatile Anesthetic Agents on Early Clinical Outcomes in Liver Transplantation

Abstract

BackgroundFew studies have assessed the ability of inhaled anesthetic agents to ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in liver transplantation (LT). This study compares inhaled anesthetics in early liver allograft IRI. LT recipient and organ donor data were extracted retrospectively for all LTs at a single center between 2001 and 2015. MethodsLT recipient and organ donor data were extracted retrospectively for all LTs at a single center between 2001 and 2015. The choice of primary anesthetic agent was at the discretion of the anesthesiologist. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin (TB) levels were measured daily in the post-transplant period as measures of early graft injury and function. Survival and clinical outcomes are reported. ResultsThere were 1291 primary LTs included in the analysis, with 3 primary inhaled agents: isoflurane (62%), desflurane (8%), and sevoflurane (30%). In the first 7 days post-transplant, the peak ALT level was lowest for desflurane (352), followed by sevoflurane (411) and isoflurane (481) (P = .09). All groups had similar ALT and TB by 7 days post-transplant. Graft survival for all 3 groups was statistically similar at 1, 7, and 30 days, with equivalent patient and graft survival at 1 year. ConclusionsAll 3 agents had similar rates of early allograft dysfunction and renal dysfunction. Subgroup analysis of high-risk donor grafts showed no statistical difference. In conclusion, administration of desflurane or sevoflurane may provide some early hepatoprotection against IRI, but longer-term outcomes were equivalent for all agents.