Abstract
BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder of reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic functions. Vitamin D has an influence on metabolic and reproductive functions. This study was designed to explore the levels of free 25 hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)-D] in PCOS patients. We also aimed to clarify the impact of vitamin D supplementation on cardio-metabolic status, androgen profile, and clinical features of PCOS.ResultsOur results revealed significant lower levels of serum 25(OH)-D in PCOS women compared with healthy controls. Even more importantly, our results reported that 25(OH)-D levels were negatively correlated with cardio-metabolic risk factors, androgenic profile, and clinical features of PCOS. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), fasting serum insulin (FSI), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were the main predictors of 25(OH)-D levels among other clinical and laboratory biomarkers. Considering the impact of VD supplementation in the PCOS group, there were significant improvements of cardio-metabolic risks, PCOS phenotype, and androgenic profile. Even more important, these results are associated with increasing 25(OH)-D serum levels after VD supplementations. Logistic regression analysis observed that androstenedione, FSI, and hirsutism score were independent predictors of response to VD supplementation.ConclusionThe supplementation of VD for 12 weeks improved the cardio-metabolic and androgenic profiles of PCOS. Furthermore, VD supplementation could be a promising treatment of PCOS and its associated morbidity in PCOS-deficient women.Trial registrationNCT04117750
Highlights
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder of reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic functions
Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the studied groups In the PCOS group, we found significant higher levels of waist/hip ratio, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting serum insulin (FSI), and The homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (IR) (HOMA-IR) compared to the healthy control group
We found that serum levels of 25(OH)-D were decreased in PCOS patients; it is negatively correlated to measures of adiposity, insulin resistance, and Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as well as clinical and laboratory markers of PCOS
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder of reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic functions. Hyperandrogenism, in particular, is a hallmark feature of PCOS because it is strongly implicated in the genesis of the disorder [4] and is associated with metabolic derangements that contribute to the underlying pathophysiology [5]. It is associated with cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome [2, 5]. Vitamin D (VD) is a fat-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in very few foods and available as a dietary supplement It is a steroid hormone with pleiotropic effects. In addition to the main effects of VD on the bone
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