Impact of Various Levels of Salinity Stress on Growth Attributes of Some Salt-Sensitive and Tolerant Varieties of Mung Bean

Abstract

Salinity stress poses a significant threat to crop productivity, and understanding the mechanisms of ion uptake and distribution in different cultivars is crucial for developing salt-tolerant varieties. This study investigates the patterns of ion uptake and distribution in salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant cultivars of Vigna radiata, commonly known as mung bean. Hydroponic experiments were conducted under controlled conditions to assess the responses of two contrasting cultivars to varying salt concentrations. The study reveals distinct differences in the ion uptake and distribution between salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant cultivars of V. radiata. Salt-sensitive cultivars exhibited increased sodium (Na+) accumulation in both roots and shoots under saline conditions, leading to disrupted ion homeostasis. In contrast, salt-tolerant cultivars demonstrated efficient ion regulation mechanisms, with a higher capacity for potassium (K+) retention and a lower Na+ to K+ ratio. The study also shed light on the involvement of ion transporters and channels in facilitating differential ion accumulation, highlighting the molecular mechanisms contributing to salt tolerance in Vigna radiata. These findings provide valuable insights into the adaptive strategies of salt-tolerant cultivars, offering a basis for targeted breeding programs aimed at enhancing salinity resilience in this economically significant legume. In summary, this research deepens our understanding of the intricate relationship between ion uptake and distribution in Vigna radiata varieties with varying salt tolerance. It lays the groundwork for developing robust crop varieties capable of thriving in saline environments.