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Abstract
The radiation detriment in ICRP 103 is defined as the product of the organ-specific risk coefficient and the damage that may be associated with a cancer type or hereditary effect. This is used to indicate a weighted risk according to the radiation sensitivity of different organs and the severity of damage that may possibly arise. While the risk refers to radiation exposure parameters, the extent of damage is independent of radiation. The parameters that are not affected by radiation are lethality, impairment of quality of life, and reduced life expectancy, which are considered as quantities associated with the severity of disease or damage. The damage and thus the detriment appear to be mostly affected by lethality, which is the quotient of the age-standardized mortality rate to the incidence rate. The analysis of the detriment presented in this paper focuses on the influence of the lethality on the detriment from 1980 to 2012 in the USA and Germany. While the lethality in this period covering more than three decades has decreased approximately linearly by 30% (both USA and Germany), within the same period the detriment declined only by 13% in the USA and by 15% in Germany. If only based on these two countries, an update on the detriment parameters with reference to 2007, when ICRP 103 was released, would result in a reduced weighted risk, i.e. the radiation detriment would be reduced by 10 to 15% from originally 5.7% per Sv for the whole population to roughly 5% per Sv.
Highlights
To compare the impact of different radiation-induced cancer sites, the detriment model of ICRP 103 (2007) considers the organ-specific nominal risk coefficients, i.e. the cancer incidence probability per dose, and the “severity” of a cancer disease
The damage or severity is defined as a function of several parameters, including impairment of quality of life, reduced life expectancy, and lethality, which may be associated with a specific cancer disease or hereditary effect
The organ-specific unweighted nominal risk coefficients RT are assumed to be constant in time and identical with the values given in ICRP 103 (2007) (Table 1)
Summary
To compare the impact of different radiation-induced cancer sites, the detriment model of ICRP 103 (2007) considers the organ-specific nominal risk coefficients, i.e. the cancer incidence probability per dose, and the “severity” of a cancer disease. The damage or severity is defined as a function of several parameters, including impairment of quality of life, reduced life expectancy, and lethality, which may be associated with a specific cancer disease or hereditary effect. While these parameters are independent of any radiation. The radiation detriment in ICRP 103 (2007) is roughly defined as the product of the (organ specific) nominal risk coefficient and the damage that may be associated with a (organ specific) cancer or hereditary effect. This is used to indicate a weighted risk according to the radiation sensitivity of any different organ and the severity of damage that may possibly arise
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