Impact of Tourism Development, Energy Consumption, Urbanization on Sustainable Development Empirical Evidence from the Qatar

Abstract

Qatar is one of richest country in terms of per capita (PC) in the top ten world richest countries. The highest level of growth rate in per capita is attributed to the growth rate in population and energy production. However, There is consensus that growth rate negative affect environment especially growth of population and energy consumption. Furthermore due to Qatar national plan to diversify the economy and reduces reliance on the oil, depletion of oil reservoir in the country and market volatility in the price of petroleum products, there is need to conducted the empirical research to checked the effect of tourism development, energy consumption and urbanization on sustainable development in Qatar. After gathering time series data from the period of 1995 to 2019 and conducting preliminary tests, the study found there is negative and significant effects of energy consumption, urbanization on sustainable development and positive and significant effect of tourism development on the sustainable development. Therefore, it is recommended to plan that project which are environmentally sustainable. Secondly, energy and sustainable nexus shows that energy consumption is detrimental to sustainable development; therefore, fossil fuel energy consumption project should be replaces with energy efficient and environmental friendly projects. Lastly the rate urbanization should be properly managed which could reduce the negative environmental degradation.