Abstract
The performance of the Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System (VACES) was assessed in terms of the enrichment factor (EF) for highly soluble vapors. Gases ranged in their behavior from a slight enrichment for ammonia (EF(NH 3 ) = 1.9 ± 0.8) to strong depletion of nitric acid (EF(HNO3) = 0.12 ± 0.06). H2O2 fell in between, with EF(H2O2) averaging 0.37 (±0.25) and ranging from 0.07 and 0.91 depending on conditions. Detailed results for H2O2 indicate that there are two competing processes at play: soluble gases are lost to condensed water in the VACES, particularly in the saturator water bath but also other locations, depleting outlet gas-phase concentrations and resulting in EFs well below 1. Working in the opposite direction, H2O2 (and other soluble gases) can also be concentrated together with particles. Presumably, the gases are absorbed into the particles as they take up water, pass through the concentration step, and are released once particles are re-dried. Depending on conditions and the g...
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