Impact of the Multimodal Physical Program on the Endothelium Function in Diabetic Patients with Obesity

Abstract

Introduction: An increased BMI in diabetic patients has been associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease and life-frightening events. Aim: The study is to work out a special mode of combined exercise aimed specifically at improving the endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Total of 60 persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity aged from 50 to 60 years were enrolled in the study. They were subdivided into two groups: 1st group included 30 patients who were prescribed hypocaloric diet; 2nd group – 30 patients with hypocaloric diet and physical exercise. Training program consisted of moderate-intensity anaerobic/aerobic and relaxation exercises for 50 minutes daily, 5 times a week. Results: Diet regimen in the 1st group leads to increasing the flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) by 26,8%; in combination with physical activity FMD in the 2nd group - 53,1%. The significant reduction in waist circumference index after intervention is observed in the 2nd group (5,94%), which is almost twice more than in the 1st group (2,38%). The insignificant changes were recorded for the BMI dynamic after treatment in both the 1st and 2nd group: Δ% – 0,88 and Δ% – 1,28, respectively. Significantly moderate straight correlation was demonstrated between the FMD and waist circumference (r = – 0,45 in the 2nd group and r = – 0,37 in the 1st group). Conclusions: Differences between groups testify more rapid effect in the patients with the multimodal physical program both anthropometric indexes and biochemical parameters, followed by more significant improvement of FMD after using of multimodal physical program.