Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the effectiveness of mHealth strategy on sodium consumption markers. Methods Intervention study carried out with 175 adults (20-59 years), from an educational institution of Vitória, Espírito Santo State. Participants were made aware through posters, oral approach and electronic media. Anthropometric, hemodynamic, socioeconomic, health, and dietary practices data was collected in two stages. After the first assessment, participants were randomized into two groups: Intervention Group and Control Group. The Intervention Group included 21 electronic messages and 3 videos on healthy eating focusing on the goal to reduce sodium intake for 3 months. Behavioral changes were assessed using the Generalized Estimation Equation (p-value <0.05). Results At baseline, no significant differences in socioeconomic, anthropometric and health variables, and eating practices between groups were observed. The stock broth cube was the most used ready processed seasoning. After the intervention, a reduction in the use of stock broth was observed only in the intervention group (β=0.615; p=0.016). In addition, 73% of the intervention group participants reported that the messages were clear, 67% reported that they were useful, and 48% stated they followed the guidelines. Conclusion There was a reduction in the frequency of use of stock broth cubes, demonstrating the potential effect of the m-Health strategy on sodium consumption markers in individuals without a hypertension medical diagnosis.
Highlights
High sodium consumption is one of the risk factors in hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, and is associated with a higher overall mortality [1]
No significant differences in socioeconomic, anthropometric and health variables, and eating practices between groups were observed
There was a reduction in the frequency of use of stock broth cubes, demonstrating the potential effect of the m-Health strategy on sodium consumption markers in individuals without a hypertension medical diagnosis
Summary
High sodium consumption is one of the risk factors in hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, and is associated with a higher overall mortality [1]. In the United Kingdom, 56.8% of the total calories intake comes from the consumption of ultra-processed foods and is associated with increased sodium intake [2]. In other countries, such as India and Japan, most of the sodium comes from salt addition and the use of table salt, a habit observed in Brazil [3,4]. In a study carried out in 2016 with 517 adults (20-80 years) living in Arthur Nogueira, São Paulo State, using the sodium urinary excretion method and dietary data, an estimated salt consumption of 10.5g and 11g was found, respectively. Individuals who used stock broth cubes and dressings daily exhibited sodium urinary excretion approximately 25% above those who used such products
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