Abstract
Surface temperature and vegetation are the major land cover changes that significantly affect on the thermal environment. In the present study, remote sensing techniques were applied to identify the relationship between anthropogenic activities and the thermal environment in the North Gulf of Suez area. Results have indicated that the urbanization and agricultural expansion have been increased during the last 25 years. Although urban areas increased from 49 km2 in 1987 to 57 km2 in 2012, the urban heat island-range declined from very high and high, to moderate and low. An expansion in cultivated areas from 3 km2 in 1987 to 26 km2 in 2012 was responsible for the decline. The results of this study provided valuable information for understanding the local thermal changes that associate rapid urbanization and expansion of cultivated areas. Consequently, this work recommends that proper planning and management regimes for land use and cover changes associated with rapid urbanization will result in positive impacts on the local climate and environment.
Highlights
Human activities during different civilizations have long been known to be categorized in either urbanization or cultivation
The temperature difference between urban and rural areas contributes to the development of the Urban Heat Island (UHI)
UHI quantitatively describes the increased temperature of either the urban surface, or the urban atmosphere compared to rural surroundings due to increased anthropogenic activities or the consequences of human activities. [4] emphasized a number of factors associated with UHI intensity, including building density [5], industrial areas [6], impervious surface fraction [7], population concentration [8], and road density [9]
Summary
Human activities during different civilizations have long been known to be categorized in either urbanization or cultivation. Kaiser mal conductivity and radiation heat budgets, characterized by increased atmospheric and surface temperatures when compared to the surrounding rural areas [2]. Urban materials, including construction materials, roofs, asphalt, concrete, metals, and roads absorb more heat from the sun. The temperature difference between urban and rural areas contributes to the development of the Urban Heat Island (UHI). UHI quantitatively describes the increased temperature of either the urban surface, or the urban atmosphere compared to rural surroundings due to increased anthropogenic activities or the consequences of human activities. [4] emphasized a number of factors associated with UHI intensity, including building density [5], industrial areas [6], impervious surface fraction [7], population concentration [8], and road density [9] UHI quantitatively describes the increased temperature of either the urban surface, or the urban atmosphere compared to rural surroundings due to increased anthropogenic activities or the consequences of human activities. [4] emphasized a number of factors associated with UHI intensity, including building density [5], industrial areas [6], impervious surface fraction [7], population concentration [8], and road density [9]
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