Impact of the Enamel Cleaning Procedure during Debonding on Endodontium Temperature: In Vitro Tests

Monika Machoy,Liliana Szyszka-Sommerfeld,Anna Wawrzyk,Krzysztof Woźniak,Piotr Duda,Sławomir Wilczyński

doi:10.3390/app10238672

Abstract

Interference with live tooth tissue during dental treatment affects the temperature within the pulp. The pulp is sensitive to temperature changes, which can cause its inflammation. The aim of this study was to analyze the dynamics of pulp chamber temperature changes in response to the enamel cleaning procedure after orthodontic treatment. In the presented in vitro studies, by using a thermal imaging camera, the change in the temperature of the vestibular wall of the pulp chamber of the incisors and premolars was assessed as a function of time under the influence of polishing the enamel with the silicone rubber and aluminum oxides used during the debonding procedure after completion of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. The relationship between dentin density and enamel from changing the chamber temperature was evaluated by using Micro computed tomography, microtomography (micro-CT). The maximum achieved tooth surface temperature during polishing was 52.34 °C without water cooling and 43.15 °C using water cooling. The time after which a safe pulp temperature of 40 °C was obtained without water cooling was 29.4 s, while the time with water cooling was 34.6 s. The correlation between the maximum and average temperature achieved and the density of the teeth was analyzed based on micro-CT scans. No correlation between enamel or dentin density and rise in temperature was found.

Highlights

Orthodontic treatment with fixed braces, apart from the obvious effect on the stomatognathic system, interferes directly with the tooth tissue by chemically and mechanically bonding the orthodontic brackets to the enamel and cleaning the adhesive residue after treatment and removing the brackets.The pulp filling the tooth cavity is richly innervated and vascularized connective tissue that performs a number of functions responsible for the health and life of the tooth, such as nutritional, sensory, creative and restorative and defensive functions
Analysis of thermovision data indicated that there were clear differences in the pulp chamber temperature obtained during enamel cleaning using water cooling and without it
In order to determine the quantitative dynamics of tooth temperature changes under the influence of mechanical cleaning, thermographic data were fitted to exponential functions

Summary

Introduction

Orthodontic treatment with fixed braces, apart from the obvious effect on the stomatognathic system (including the occlusion and periodontium), interferes directly with the tooth tissue by chemically and mechanically bonding the orthodontic brackets to the enamel and cleaning the adhesive residue after treatment and removing the brackets. The pulp filling the tooth cavity is richly innervated and vascularized connective tissue that performs a number of functions responsible for the health and life of the tooth, such as nutritional, sensory, creative and restorative and defensive functions. It is believed that the interdental temperature is similar to body temperature (approximately 37 ◦ C), the actual temperature has not yet been measured.

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