Abstract
Problem. The global automotive industry has already had an experience of recovery from the global financial crisis of 2008, but the pandemic crisis of 2020 is quite different in nature and pattern of progress: in recent history it has had no analogues and it will be premature to state its completion. Therefore, it is important to determine the impact of the pandemic on the production and sale of cars in order to overcome the negative consequences. To address this issue, the article identifies the sensitivity of this subsector of mechanical engineering to destructive changes in the environment; an analysis of changes in the volume of production and sales of cars by countries of the world over the past period has been made. Goal. The aim of the work is to determine the destructive consequences and trends of the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the global automotive industry, namely the production and sale of cars. Methodology. To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, a vertical and horizontal analysis of car production and sales in the world has been conducted. Results. The results of the analysis allowed the authors to group the countries of the world by the destructive effects of the pandemic crisis of 2020 for the automotive industry. Originality. The carried out classification of countries by the destructive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to gain insight into its impact on the automotive industry, in particular on the production and sale of cars. Practical value. The obtained results can be recommended to identify further ways to overcome the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the automotive industry.
Highlights
A strategically important part of the national economy, industry and machine–building complex is the automotive industry – a powerful generator of an added value and a flagship of the innovation activity
It is believed that the progress of the national economy and its place on the world economic arena is largely determined by the presence in its structure of space industry, aircraft and automotive industry, because these industries provide a powerful impetus to the development of science and technology, and building a network of enterprises in related industries
Based on the results of the horizontal analysis of car production and sales in the world, we will classify the countries of the world by the destructive effects of the pandemic crisis of 2020 for the automotive industry by criterion of reducing car production and sales (Table 3), where the reduction: by a percentage not exceeding 5%, can be identified as minor destructive effects; by a percentage in the range of 5–15 % – as quite significant destructive consequences; by a percentage in the range of 15–25 % – as significant destructive consequences; by a percentage exceeding 25 % – as very significant destructive consequences
Summary
A strategically important part of the national economy, industry and machine–building complex is the automotive industry – a powerful generator of an added value and a flagship of the innovation activity. The results of the vertical analysis of the volumes of car production in the world give us opportunity to state that the flagships of the global automotive industry are China, USA, Japan, Germany, India, Mexico, South Korea, Brazil, Spain, France. These countries have produced 77.75% of all cars (including 77.22% of cars and 79.21% of commercial vehicles) in 2019 and 79.27% of all cars (including 78.38% of cars and 81.55% of commercial vehicles) in 2020. In Taiwan, sales of passenger cars increased by 19.97 %, and in China – sales of commercial vehicles increased by 18.69 %
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