Impact of Temporomandibular Disorders and Sleep Bruxism on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Individuals With Complete Cleft Lip and Palate.

Abstract

The temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and sleep bruxism (SB) affect the quality of life (QoL) of the individuals in general. However, the literature lacks studies on individuals with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of TMD and SB on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of individuals with CLP. Thirty-six individuals, both genders, aged between 30 and 50 years, at routine treatment in the Dental Prosthesis Sector of Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies-University of São Paulo were selected and divided into the following groups: G1-unilateral complete CLP (n = 22) and G2-bilateral complete CLP (n = 14). Three questionnaires were applied: Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), SB self-report and Research Diagnosis Criteria for TMD. Fisher test, Mann-Whitney test, and t test were applied to verify values between TMD, SB, gender, and OHIP-14 (P < 0.05). The mean OHIP-14 score was of 5.80, and females had higher (8.58) OHRQoL than males (3.31). There was association with gender and OHRQoL (t test, P = 0.006), TMD with OHRQoL (Mann-Whitney test, P = 0.036), and TMD and SB (Fisher test, P = 0.006). Temporomandibular disorder was diagnosed in 30% of the individuals. Of these, 16.66% did not present SB, while 13.88% presented it. The association TMD versus SB showed statistically significant differences and 83.33% of the individuals reporting SB also had TMD. Based on this study, the authors can conclude that: TMD impacts OHRQoL in CLP patients, females are more affected in their OHRQoL than males, SB was strongly associated with TMD.