Abstract
The impact of technical change on the different aspects of social evolution has often been assessed, particularly where it concerns the level and structure of employment, the prevailing values and habits, and the individual attitudes toward work in the patterns of socioeconomic stratification. This chapter describes the mechanism through which technical change affects the structure of the labor force in a growing economy. Technical advance leading to the development of new inputs is essentially generated in the manufacturing sector or in research institutes. This sector provides other sectors with the improved inputs needed to promote production. In this sense, the manufacturing sector can be considered as the prime mover of technical advance in the economy. A balanced industrialization policy is apt to increase its capacity to disseminate technical innovations to all parts of the productive system through proper sectoral integration.
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