Abstract
The main objective of this work was to evaluate an impact of a support on the efficiency of nickel catalysts in the high-temperature conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to hydrogen-rich gas. The most important parameters influencing catalytic performance of the catalysts were identified. The properties of three materials (ZSM-5, ZrO2, and MCF (mesostructured cellular foam)) used as a support differing in surface acidity, surface area, pore structure, ability to interact with an active phase, and resistance to coking, have been studied. The results revealed that Ni/MCF, characterized by large pore size and pore volume, low acidity, small NiO crystallites size, and moderate interaction with the active phase, is the most efficient among studied catalysts, while an application of Ni on ZSM-5 support with high-acidity was not beneficial. The results suggest that structure of the support, in particular larger pore size and a better contact between an active phase and reaction intermediates, play an important role in the formation of gaseous products during thermal decomposition of lignocellulosic feedstock. On the other hand, high acidity of the support did not increase the formation of large amounts of hydrogen-rich gaseous products.
Highlights
In recent years, lignocellulosic biomass has become one of the most popular renewable sources of energy and fine chemicals
An analysis of gaseous products formed in the high-temperature conversion of cellulose and pine showed that the mixture mainly consists of hydrogen, carbon oxide, carbon dioxide, and methane (Tables 1 and 2)
The results obtained in this study show a strong influence of porosity and acidity of the support, crystallites size of the active phase, and strength of their interaction with the support on the Ni catalyst performance in the production of hydrogen-rich gas by high-temperature conversion of lignocellulosic feedstock
Summary
Lignocellulosic biomass has become one of the most popular renewable sources of energy and fine chemicals. This fact results from its global availability, relatively low price, and limited influence on the increase in the carbon dioxide emission. This type of feedstock is often processed with the use of a high-temperature treatment leading to the formation of gaseous products, liquid fraction (bio-oils), and solid residues [1,2]. The production of hydrogen from lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive alternative from the environmental point of view.
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