Abstract
The modification of the surface wetting characteristics in fractured oil-wet carbonate reservoirs, by reversing wettability from oil-wet to water-wet, leads to improved oil recovery. However, in order to obtain a successful oil recovery process, it is crucial to understand the active mechanisms of wettability alteration. This study looks at the effect of sulfate ions as one of the most promising wettability influencing ions on the wetting properties of oil-wet calcite; the effect is studied both with and without the presence of cationic surfactant and possible mechanisms of wettability alteration are explored. A number of analytical techniques were utilized to analyze the mineral surface before and after treatment. The study presents a thorough discussion of the influence of sulfate ions in displacing adsorbed carboxylate from the oil-wet surface, both with and without the presence of cationic surfactant are discussed thoroughly. The interaction between sulfate ions and the calcium ions attached to carbox...
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