Impact of storage on the physiological quality of soybean seeds after treatment with fungicides and insecticides

Luciano Del Bem Junior,Gustavo Dario,Jonas Leandro Ferrari,Carlos Gilberto Raetano

doi:10.1590/2317-1545v42236236

Abstract

Abstract: Chemical seed treatment is a practice that assists in control of pests and pathogens and allows crops to achieve their maximum yield potential. However, the storage period of seeds treated with insecticides and fungicides can affect seed physiological potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with different fungicides and insecticides after four different storage periods. The experimental design was completely randomized and the treatments were distributed in a 10 × 4 factorial arrangement in which the soybean seeds of the cultivar BMX Potência RR were treated with the following phytosanitary products: fipronil + pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, carboxin + thiram, imidacloprid + thiodicarb, chlorantraniliprole, thiamethoxam, cyantraniliprole, fipronil, and a control (seeds without chemical treatment), in four replications. The seeds were evaluated at 0, 30, 60, and 90 days after the chemical treatment. The following tests were performed: germination, first count of germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in sand, seedling emergence speed, and seedling dry matter. The treatment with the carboxin + thiram fungicide mixture provided for adequate physiological quality of the seeds throughout storage. The insecticide thiamethoxam has a negative effect on the physiological quality of soybean seeds that are stored after treatment with it.

Highlights

The use of soybean seeds of high physiological quality is very important in the soybean production system
The results obtained in the germination test indicated that at time zero all the treatments achieved an adequate level of germination for the soybean seeds, with percentages above 80%, the minimum value established as a reference by Brasil (2013), which characterizes the absence of damaging effects on the seed at the time of sowing on the day of the treatment (Table 2)
The treatments with the insecticides imidacloprid + thiodicarb, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, and fipronil ensured a higher value of germination compared to the seeds without coating in the periods from 0 to 60 days after treatment (DAT), which may indicate a positive effect of stimulation for this variable under the conditions analyzed

Summary

Introduction

The use of soybean seeds of high physiological quality is very important in the soybean production system. Common measures such as earlier sowing, the use of a smaller number of seeds per meter, and sowing of seeds over crop residues have become frequent and have come to require seeds with greater vigor to obtain good stand and satisfactory yield (Venkatesh et al, 2018). As part of recommended management, the application of phytosanitary products in chemical treatment of seeds avoids the need for reseeding caused by unsatisfactory initial development. Association of this with genetic and biotechnological improvement allows expression of high yield potential (Ferreira et al, 2016). In determined situations, some active ingredients or interactions between products can lead to reduction in germination and vigor and, lower establishment of seedlings resulting of phytotoxicity in the seeds (Taylor and Salanenka, 2012; Alves et al, 2017)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion