Impact of Stationary Cycling on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Tibiofemoral Osteoarthrosis: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Introduction: Knee osteoarthrosis (tibiofemoral) is one of the most common forms of arthritis and a significant contributor to disability in the elderly. It has a notable impact on the muscle strength and lower limb biomechanics. The pain and stiffness associated with osteoarthrosis knee can significantly hinder daily activities and work potential in affected individuals. Aerobic exercises have demonstrated positive outcomes for these patients. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of forward and backward cycling with knee osteoarthrosis ranging from grade 1-3. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomised clinical trial and single-blind pilot study was conducted in the Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India. The compared two groups: one adding static cycling to regular treatment, the other receiving only regular treatment. Both groups got treatment three times a week for four weeks. Quality of Life (QoL) and pain were assessed using the Comprehensive Knee Osteoarthritis Index (CKOAI) scale, while isokinetic strength was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. Evaluation at both baseline and endpoint was conducted by the same assessor. Results: Significant improvements were shown at the 4-week follow up for QOL, pain and isokinetic strength (p<0.02) with stationary cycling. The CKOAI, an indicator of pain intensity and QOL showed significant improvement (p=0.02). Conclusion: The research affirms the findings from the earlier Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) and indicated that engaging in stationary cycling leads to significant enhancement in individuals with osteoarthrosis knee. Participants expressed their appreciation for the program and proved to be safe, effective and feasible in primary care.