Impact of Sprawl on Development Pattern of Bengaluru City

Abstract

Using multi-temporal satellite imagery, the present study illustrates the Spatio-temporal dynamics of sprawl and its impact on Bengaluru City of Karnataka, India. Urban sprawl is the uncontrolled and uncoordinated outgrowth of towns and cities. The process of urban sprawl can be described by a change in the pattern over time, like a proportional increase in built-up surface to population leading to rapid urban spatial expansion. Landsat satellite imageries of five different periods, i.e., Landsat MSS of 1973, TM of 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2016 from Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF), quantify the changes in the Bengaluru town from over 40 years. Supervised Classification methodology has been employed using the Maximum Likelihood Technique in ERDAS 9.3. The study area images were categorised into five different classes, viz. built-up area, vegetation, agricultural land, water bodies, and sand bar. The results indicate that during the last four decades, the Bengaluru town area’s built-up area and the vacant area increased. The paper also highlights the importance of digital change detection techniques and calculates urban sprawl's impact on proper land use planning for sustainable development.KeywordsLand use/Land coverSpatio-temporalMulti-temporal satellite imageryRemote sensing