Impact of some risk factors on neonatal IUGR incidence and outcome in NICU at Al-Sadder teaching hospital, Misan, Iraq 2016

Abstract

Impact of some risk factors on neonatal IUGR incidence and outcome in NICU at Al-Sadder teaching hospital, Misan, Iraq 2016Dr. Eman Khammas Al- SadiF.I.B.M.S/Ped. Misan University, College of Medicine, Misan, Iraq.AbstractBackground: Intrauterine growth restriction IUGR is the second leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries; it also increases adulthood risk of (hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke) that reflects a major public health problem. We aim to identify the incidence and outcome of IUGR in our NICU and the relation with some risk factors.Method: Across sectional study was conducted on 119 singleton newborn babies (Full term and Preterm) admitted to the NICU at Al-Sader teaching hospital, Amara city, Misan province in a period from the first of January to 31 December 2016 with low birth weight (<2.5 kg) whom may or may not have associated medical problems. LBW can be a consequence of IUGR, preterm birth, or both, but in developing countries most LBW births are due to IUGR (defined as below the tenth percentile of the Williams sex-specific weight-for-gestational age reference data).Neonates with lethal congenital anomalies, multiple pregnancies were excluded. Babies were examined and checked to fulfill the definition of (IUGR) through estimation of the following growth parameters (body weight, length, head circumference), and the Ponderal index. We studied various risk factors like maternal: age, parity, hypertension and delivery type as well as fetal gender and gestational age to find the most offending cause of IUGR in our NICU.Statistical significance considered when p value ≤ 0.05. Results: we found that 43.7% of the admitted neonates had IUGR, those with low gestational age carried significant association with IUGR occurrence, p value=0.0001. In this study, we concluded that maternal hypertension, multiparty, cesarean section delivery, young and middle-aged mothers and fetal male gender carried the highest risks of having babies with IUGR but with no significant statistical association.Keyword: IUGR, Risk factor, NICU, Missan, Iraq.