Impact of soluble dietary fiber on gastric emptying, postprandial blood glucose, and insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To investigate the impacts of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) on gastric emptying,postprandial blood glucose and insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Totally 30 T2DM patients and 10 healthy subjects (control group) were randomized to receive SDF-free liquid (500 ml,2092 kJ) and isocalorie SDF liquid (at β-glucan 7.5 g,500 ml,2092 kJ) on two separate days based on a Cross-over order.Gastric emptying was monitored by ultrasomography at intervals of 30 min for 2 hours.Fasting and postprandial blood samples were collected at intervals of 30-60 min for 180 min to determine blood glucose and insulin.Results The proximal gastric emptying was delayed in SDF both in T2DM group (P =0.001)and control group (P =0.037).SDF significantly decreased the area under the curve of postprandial glucose (P =0.001) and insulin (P =0.001) in T2DM group.Postprandial glucose (r=-0.547,P =0.047) and insulin (r =-0.444,P =0.030) had negative correlation with distal emptying of SDF in T2DM patients.The distal gastric emptying was delayed significantly in T2DM patients with HbAlc≥6.5％ (n =13,P =0.021)by SDF.Conclusions SDF can improve the postprandial glucose level,which may be related with the delayed gastric emptying.T2DM patients with higher average blood glucose has remarkably delayed gastric emptying after the administration of SDF. Key words: Soluble dietary fiber; Gastric emptying; Blood glucose; Plasma insulin