Impact of Smoluchowski Temperature and Maxwell Velocity Slip Conditions on Axisymmetric Rotated Flow of Hybrid Nanofluid past a Porous Moving Rotating Disk.

Umair Khan,Aurang Zaib,Noor Muhammad,Anuar Ishak,Iskandar Waini,El-Sayed M Sherif,Wei-Feng Xia

doi:10.3390/nano12020276

Abstract

Colloidal suspensions of regular fluids and nanoparticles are known as nanofluids. They have a variety of applications in the medical field, including cell separation, drug targeting, destruction of tumor tissue, and so on. On the other hand, the dispersion of multiple nanoparticles into a regular fluid is referred to as a hybrid nanofluid. It has a variety of innovative applications such as microfluidics, heat dissipation, dynamic sealing, damping, and so on. Because of these numerous applications of nanofluids in minds, therefore, the objective of the current exploration divulged the axisymmetric radiative flow and heat transfer induced by hybrid nanofluid impinging on a porous stretchable/shrinkable rotating disc. In addition, the impact of Smoluchowski temperature and Maxwell velocity slip boundary conditions are also invoked. The hybrid nanofluid was formed by mixing the copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles scattered in the regular (viscous) base fluid (H2O). Similarity variables are used to procure the similarity equations, and the numerical outcomes are achieved using bvp4c in MATLAB software. According to the findings, double solutions are feasible for stretching and shrinking cases . The heat transfer rate is accelerated as the hybrid nanoparticles increases. The suction parameter enhances the friction factors as well as heat transfer rate. Moreover, the friction factor in the radial direction and heat transfer enrich for the first solution and moderate for the second outcome due to the augmentation , while the trend of the friction factor in the radial direction is changed only in the case of stretching for both branches.

Highlights

The study of nanofluids piqued the interest of researchers because of different applications in science and technology, like hybrid-powered engines, fuel cells, measures of different heat transport with pharmaceutical, and micro-electronic dealings
From the outcome of the tables, it is observed that the friction factor in the radial direction and heat transfer enriches for the first and second branch solutions with higher values of α A,S, φ1 and φ2
The wall drag force in the radial direction and heat transfer rises for the first branch and decline for the second branch with larger values of δ2 whereas the shear stress along the azimuthal direction abruptly shrinkages for both branches

Summary

Introduction

The study of nanofluids piqued the interest of researchers because of different applications in science and technology, like hybrid-powered engines, fuel cells, measures of different heat transport with pharmaceutical, and micro-electronic dealings. Nanofluids are composed of nanoparticles, and the presence of ultrafine nanoparticles magnifies 4.0/). Choi and Eastman [1] first proposed the idea of nanofluids by dispersion of fluids comprising ultra-fine particles. Several researchers investigated the mechanism of nanofluid in different geometrical domains: such as Khan and Pop [2]. Addressed the flow problem past a stretchable sheet containing nanofluids. The effect of free buoyancy flow via a vertical plate induced by nanofluid saturated in a porous medium was inspected by Gorla and Chamkha [3]. Xu et al [4] presented an exact solution of the time-dependent flow induced by thin fluid film subject to the stretchable sheet

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