Abstract
The smart city presupposes the integration of different parts—Smart Economy, Smart Environment, Smart People, Smart Living, Smart Mobility, and Smart Governance. The integration assumes the certain relations between them. There are researches considering the impact of separate economic indicators on specific smart area or solutions. Nevertheless, the authors have not come across any studies considering the mutual impact of these areas. The goal of the research is to determine the direct effects of smart economy on other smart components and the indirect (mediation) impact of general indicators of national economy on smart domains. The model was estimated using the PLS-SEM technique tested in SmartPLS-3.3.7. software. The sample included statistical data on the indicators, received from Eurostat Database and Latvian Statistical Office. Data referred to Latvia for years 2009–2019. As a result, the hypotheses that Smart Economy has direct impact on smart people, smart living, smart mobility, smart environment, and smart society were supported. The mediation effect of general indicators of national economy was confirmed only for the smart society domain; other hypotheses were rejected. The obtained results can be practically applied by the authorities responsible for sustainable development of smart areas. The results of mediation effect can be especially interesting for countries that do not present a very high level of economic development but are developing smart, sustainable cities.
Highlights
Received: 12 January 2022The ideas of sustainable development are supported by many countries, and sustainability has become the dominating idea in ecology, consumption, economy, science, and so on
All smart areas are based on the use of technologies and innovations, and their development on such a scale is possible only in the case of proper development of a smart economy, which presupposes the involvement of economic resources in the necessary amount in smart technologies and innovations
The research is devoted to the determination of the relationships between smart economy and other smart areas and to revealing the mediation effect of the general indicators of national economy
Summary
Received: 12 January 2022The ideas of sustainable development are supported by many countries, and sustainability has become the dominating idea in ecology, consumption, economy, science, and so on. Sustainable development puts forward the requirements towards all components of human activities. One of the answers to these requirements is the development of concept of Smart City, which is an implementation of the principal postulates of sustainability. The concept of Smart City is gaining more and more attention from scholars all over the world. Smart ideas seem to be the answer to many contemporary challenges. The ideas of being “smart” nowadays assume more dimension of being user-friendly than really intelligent [5,6]. Smart ideas could be referred to technologies, which are intelligent by their definition, and to people, using these user-friendly technologies in different operations, and these operations create smart environment
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