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Abstract
A neuron that is stimulated by rectangular current injections initially responds with a high firing rate, followed by a decrease in the firing rate. This phenomenon is called spike-frequency adaptation and is usually mediated by slow K+ currents, such as the M-type K+ current (IM) or the Ca2+-activated K+ current (IAHP). It is not clear how the detailed biophysical mechanisms regulate spike generation in a cortical neuron. In this study, we investigated the impact of slow K+ currents on spike generation mechanism by reducing a detailed conductance-based neuron model. We showed that the detailed model can be reduced to a multi-timescale adaptive threshold model, and derived the formulae that describe the relationship between slow K+ current parameters and reduced model parameters. Our analysis of the reduced model suggests that slow K+ currents have a differential effect on the noise tolerance in neural coding.
Highlights
Neuronal adaptation is the change in the responsiveness of a neuron over time
We show that the detailed conductance-based neuron model can be reduced to a multi-timescale adaptive threshold model (Kobayashi et al 2009; Yamauchi et al 2011), and derive the formulae that describe the relationship between the slow K+ current parameters and the reduced model parameters
We have shown that the detailed conductance-based neuron model with slow K+ currents (IM and IAHP) can be reduced to an adaptive threshold model
Summary
Neuronal adaptation is the change in the responsiveness of a neuron over time. Adaptation may play an important role in the extraction of important information from an ever-changing environment and is the product of several factors, including ion channels, synapses, and network dynamics. When a neuron is stimulated by rectangular current injections, it initially responds with a high firing rate, followed by a decrease in the firing rate. This phenomenon is called spike-frequency adaptation and is observed in most pyramidal neurons in various brain areas. In terms of the spike-frequency adaptation generated by slow K+ currents, conductance-based models including slow K+ channels have been studied. These models can reproduce the electrophysiological properties of a neuron (see Koch 1999 for a review) and provide insights into the underlying biophysical mechanisms
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