Abstract
BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has serious effects on both mother and child. Like Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, it is increasing in prevalence world-wide. In addition to obesity, sleep duration has been named an important risk factor. Using a large cohort study, including data from 48,787 participants of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), we examined the association between sleep duration and both random blood glucose levels and GDM rates during pregnancy.MethodsRandom blood glucose levels were measured during pregnancy. GDM diagnosis was based on the results of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Additional anthropometric data was collected from questionnaires for statistical analysis.ResultsCompared to mothers averaging 7 to < 10 h sleep (reference group), women receiving < 5 h or ≥ 10 h sleep exhibited significantly elevated random blood glucose levels. This was associated with an elevated risk for positive GDM screening (< 5 h sleep: OR 1.17 (0.96–1.44) p = 0.126; ≥10 h sleep: OR 1.13 (1.03–1.25) p = 0.006). Calculating the risk for GDM, women sleeping < 5 h or ≥ 10 h exhibited elevated risks of 1.31-fold and 1.21 respectively. However, this trend was not found to be significant.ConclusionsSleep is a critical factor in glucose metabolism, with both abnormally long and short sleep duration increasing random blood glucose levels in pregnant women. Moreover, the risk for positive GDM screening increases significantly with elevated sleep, ≥10 h per night. These findings are promising because they support the idea that sleep duration is a modifiable risk factor, and can be focused upon to improve health and pregnancy outcome.
Highlights
IntroductionLike Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, it is increasing in prevalence world-wide
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has serious effects on both mother and child
Condensation Abnormally long and short sleep duration increases random blood glucose levels, and sleep of ≥10 h per night increases the risk for positive GDM screening in pregnant women
Summary
Like Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, it is increasing in prevalence world-wide. Sleep duration has been named an important risk factor. Using a large cohort study, including data from 48,787 participants of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), we examined the association between sleep duration and both random blood glucose levels and GDM rates during pregnancy. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a serious health risk for both pregnant women and their offspring. Globally the Asian population accounts for some 60% of the diabetic population. In both Japan and China, rates of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has grown significantly over the past 20 years [4]. Due to the modifiable nature of several of its known risk factors, it is important to understand them and turn back its growing prevalence
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